What types of cases fall under civil litigation?
Civil litigation involves disputes between individuals, businesses, or governments that do not involve criminal charges. These cases often relate to financial loss, contractual obligations, or personal harm. If someone is seeking compensation, the enforcement of a legal right, or a court order to stop or require certain actions, it likely falls under civil litigation.
In British Columbia and Alberta, civil litigation covers a wide range of case types, including:
- Contract disputes – These are among the most common civil claims and include breaches of written or verbal agreements, failure to deliver goods or services, missed payments, or disputes over contract interpretation.
- Estate litigation – Conflicts over wills, such as challenges to their validity, claims for unjust enrichment, disputes between beneficiaries, or issues involving the executor(s).
- Construction litigation – Disputes over delays, deficiencies in work, non-payment, or builder’s lien claims when contractors or subcontractors are not paid.
- Property and real estate litigation – Breaches of purchase agreements, issues involving easements and title defects, and nuisance or trespass claims.
- Employment litigation – Wrongful dismissal, constructive dismissal, unpaid wages or bonuses, severance disputes, or breaches of employment agreements.
- Tort claims – Civil wrongs that cause harm or loss, such as personal injury, negligence, defamation, or medical malpractice.
Civil lawsuits can vary widely in complexity, depending on the facts, the law, and whether the parties can reach a settlement outside of court. A civil litigation lawyer can help you assess your claim, understand your options, and guide you through the process - whether through negotiation, court, or alternative dispute resolution. If you would like additional guidance with a civil claim, reach out to us today for a free 20-minute consultation.
This FAQ was prepared by Vancouver Civil and Estate Litigation Lawyer, Jiya Dassan, and Calgary Articling Student Neema Khalili.
